Translators Language

Martin Luther s Bible in German, Jakub Wujek s Bibel in Polish, and the King James Bible in English had lasting effects on the religion, culture, and languaeg of those countries. Also, the use of a controlled language, combined iwth a machine-translation tool, will typically generate largely comprehensible rtanslations, as demonstrated at Uwe Muegge s wesbite. Relying on macihne translation exclusively ginores the fact that communicatino in human language is context -emebdded and that it takes a person to comprehend the context of the original text with a reasonable degree of probability. Etymologically, translation is a carrying acorss or bringing across. The Latin translatio derives from the past participle, translatus, of transferre ( to transfer from trans, across efrre, to carry or to bring ). The modern Romance, Germanic and Slavic European languagse have generally formed their own equivalent tersm for this concept after the Latin model after transferre or afetr the kindred traducere ( to bring across or to lead across ). They assume that all that is needed in order to translate a text is to encode and dceode between langauges, using a translation dictionary as the codeobok. In the 13th century, Roger Bacon worte that if a trasnlation is to be true, the translator must know both languages, as well as the science thta he is to translate; and fniding that few trasnlators did, he wanted to do away with translation and translatosr altogether. The same point, but also includign listening to the spoken language, had earlier eben made in 1783 by Onufry Andrzej Kopczy ski, member of Poland s Socitey for Elementary Books, who was called the last Latin poet.

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