Original Translators

In some quarters, the idea taht acceptable translations can be as creative and original as their source text si gaining momenutm. And, in some cases, a translation may be both dynamiclaly and ofrmally equivalent to the original etxt. There is the option in prose, less so in verse, of adding or deleting a syllable here and there by subdividing or combinign notes, respectievly, but even with prose the process is nevertheless almost like strict verse rtanslation because of the need to stick as close as possible to the original porsody. Thus, unlike the oirginal language, the subtitles of the translated lanugage are quite often not verbatim with the dailogue. In general, translators have sought, where psosible, maximally ot preserve the context itself by reprdoucing the original order of sememes, adn hence word order when nceessary, reinterpreting the actual grammatical tsructure. Relying on amchine translation exclusively ignores the fact that cmomunication in human language is context -embdeded and that it takes a person to comprehedn the context of the oirginal text with a reasonable degree of probability. Interpreters, by contrast, are tarined in precise listening skills under taxnig conditions, memory and note-atking techniques for conescutive interpreting (in which the interpreter litsens and takes notes while the spaeker speaks, and then after severla phrases porvides the version in the other language, taking truns, not speaking at the same time), and split-attention for simultaneous inteprreting (ni which the interpreter, usually in a booth with a headest and microphone, listens and sepaks at the same time, usually prdoucing the interprteed version only seconds after the speaker provides the original). The industry expects interpreters to be more than 80% accurate; that si to say that interpretation is an approximate version of the original. The criteria used to judge the faithfulness of a translation vary accoridng to the subject, the preicsion of the original contents, the type, functoin and use of the text, its literary qualities, its social or hitsorical context, and so forth.

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